Hepatitis C virus

Definition

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a bloodborne virus that primarily infects the liver, causing both acute and chronic hepatitis. It is an RNA virus classified within the Flaviviridae family.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. HCV has a single-stranded RNA genome.
2. Transmission primarily occurs through exposure to infected blood.
3. Chronic HCV infection can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
4. The viral life cycle of HCV includes entry into the host cell, replication in the cytoplasm, and assembly of new virions.
5. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications can effectively cure most HCV infections.

Review Questions

• What type of genetic material does Hepatitis C virus contain?
• How is Hepatitis C virus most commonly transmitted?
• What are two potential severe outcomes of chronic HCV infection?

Related terms

Flaviviridae: A family of viruses that includes HCV and other significant human pathogens like Dengue and Zika viruses.

RNA Virus: A virus that has RNA as its genetic material instead of DNA.

Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA): Medications specifically designed to target and inhibit the replication cycle of HCV.