Halophiles

Definition

Halophiles are microorganisms that thrive in high-salt environments, such as salt lakes and salt mines. They have adapted mechanisms to maintain cell integrity and functionality despite the osmotic stress caused by high salinity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Halophiles are categorized into slight, moderate, and extreme halophiles based on their optimal salt concentration requirements.
2. Extreme halophiles can survive in environments with salt concentrations ranging from 15% to 30%.
3. They often employ compatible solutes like K+ ions or organic molecules to balance osmotic pressure.
4. Halophilic enzymes are stable and active in high-salt conditions, making them useful in biotechnology.
5. Archaea is a common domain for extreme halophiles, although some bacteria also exhibit halophilic traits.

Review Questions

• What mechanisms do halophiles use to survive in high-salt environments?
• Describe the difference between slight, moderate, and extreme halophiles.
• In what ways are halophilic enzymes beneficial for biotechnological applications?

Related terms

Osmophile: Microorganisms that thrive in environments with high sugar concentrations.

Thermophile:

Microorganisms that thrive at relatively high temperatures.

Acidophile: Microorganisms that thrive under highly acidic conditions.