Gingiva

Definition

The gingiva is the soft tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone in the mouth, commonly known as gums. It plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health by providing a barrier against infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gingiva serves as the first line of defense against bacterial invasion and infection in the oral cavity.
2. Healthy gingiva is usually pink, firm, and does not bleed easily, while inflamed gingiva may appear red, swollen, and bleed during brushing or flossing.
3. Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingiva often caused by bacterial plaque accumulation on the teeth.
4. The oral microbiota residing on the gingiva includes beneficial bacteria that help prevent pathogenic overgrowth but can become harmful if balance is disrupted.
5. Proper oral hygiene practices are essential to maintain healthy gingiva and prevent periodontal diseases.

Review Questions

Related terms

Plaque: A sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can lead to dental problems like cavities and gum disease.

Gingivitis:

An inflammation of the gums caused primarily by plaque buildup around teeth.

Periodontitis:

A serious gum infection that damages soft tissue and destroys bone supporting teeth, often a progression from untreated gingivitis.