Germination

Definition

Germination is the process by which a spore or seed begins to grow and develop into a new organism, often involving the resumption of metabolic activity. In microbiology, it is crucial for understanding how bacterial endospores return to an active state.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Germination in prokaryotic cells specifically refers to the activation of dormant bacterial endospores.
2. Endospore germination involves breaking dormancy and resuming metabolic activities such as protein synthesis.
3. Environmental triggers like nutrients, water, and favorable temperature can initiate germination in bacterial spores.
4. The process typically includes three stages: activation, germination proper, and outgrowth.
5. Bacillus and Clostridium are common genera of bacteria known for forming endospores that can undergo germination.

Review Questions

• What environmental factors can trigger germination in bacterial endospores?
• Describe the main stages involved in bacterial spore germination.
• Which genera of bacteria are commonly associated with endospore formation?

Related terms

Endospore:

A resistant, dormant structure formed inside some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions.

Activation: The initial stage in the germination process where specific conditions stimulate the dormant spore.

Outgrowth: The phase following germination proper where the spore emerges as a vegetative cell.