Genomics

Definition

Genomics is the study of the entirety of an organism's genes, known as its genome. It involves sequencing, analyzing, and comparing genomes to understand genetic structure and function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Genomics uses high-throughput methods like next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze large sets of DNA sequences rapidly.
2. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provides a comprehensive view of all the genetic material in an organism.
3. Genomic data can be used to identify genetic mutations associated with diseases, aiding in personalized medicine.
4. Comparative genomics compares genomic features across different species to understand evolutionary relationships and functional biology.
5. Pharmaceutical applications of genomics include drug discovery, development of gene therapies, and personalized treatment plans based on genetic profiles.

Review Questions

• What is the primary purpose of whole-genome sequencing in genomics?
• How does comparative genomics contribute to our understanding of evolutionary biology?
• In what ways can genomic data be utilized in pharmaceutical applications?

Related terms

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): A high-throughput method used to sequence DNA and RNA much more quickly than traditional methods.

Personalized Medicine: Medical care tailored to the individual characteristics, needs, and preferences based on genetic information.

Gene Therapy:

A technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease by inserting a gene into a patient's cells instead of using drugs or surgery.