Fc receptors

Definition

Fc receptors are proteins found on the surface of certain immune cells that bind to the Fc region of antibodies. They play a crucial role in the immune response by mediating various functions such as phagocytosis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fc receptors are primarily found on immune cells like macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells.
2. They facilitate the process of opsonization, where pathogens coated with antibodies are more easily identified and engulfed by phagocytes.
3. Different types of Fc receptors (e.g., FcγR, FcεR) have specific affinities for different classes of antibodies (IgG, IgE).
4. Fc receptor engagement can lead to a variety of immune responses including degranulation, cytokine release, and enhanced antigen presentation.
5. Malfunctions or deficiencies in Fc receptor function can contribute to autoimmune diseases or impaired immune responses.

Review Questions

Related terms

Antibody:

A protein produced by B cells that binds to specific antigens.

Phagocytosis:

The process by which certain cells engulf and digest pathogens and debris.

Opsonization:

The marking of pathogens for destruction by phagocytes through binding with antibodies or complement proteins.