False-positives

Definition

False-positives occur when a test incorrectly indicates the presence of a specific antigen or antibody. This can lead to misinterpretations in laboratory analysis and subsequent immune response studies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. False-positives can arise due to cross-reactivity with similar antigens or antibodies.
2. Improper sample handling or contamination can increase the occurrence of false-positives.
3. High sensitivity in assays can sometimes result in an increased rate of false-positives.
4. False-positives can lead to unnecessary treatments or further testing, impacting patient care and research outcomes.
5. Verification through additional tests or methods is often required to confirm initial positive results and rule out false-positives.

Review Questions

• What factors can contribute to the occurrence of false-positives in antigen-antibody detection tests?
• How might high assay sensitivity impact the rate of false-positive results?
• Why is it important to verify positive test results with additional methods?

Related terms

Cross-reactivity:

Occurs when an antibody reacts with an unintended antigen, potentially causing false-positive results.

Sensitivity: The ability of a test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positives).

Specificity:

The ability of a test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negatives).