Erwinia

Definition

Erwinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. They are known for causing plant diseases such as soft rot and fire blight.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Erwinia species are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can survive with or without oxygen.
2. They produce pectinolytic enzymes which break down plant cell walls.
3. Erwinia amylovora is the causative agent of fire blight in apple and pear trees.
4. Erwinia carotovora causes soft rot in various vegetables like potatoes and carrots.
5. These bacteria are rod-shaped and motile, typically using peritrichous flagella.

Review Questions

• What type of diseases do Erwinia species typically cause?
• Which enzyme activity is associated with Erwinia's pathogenicity?
• Name two specific species of Erwinia and the plants they affect.

Related terms

Enterobacteriaceae: A large family of Gram-negative bacteria that includes many pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella.

Facultative Anaerobe: An organism that can survive with or without oxygen.

Pectinolytic Enzymes: Enzymes that degrade pectin, a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, often leading to plant tissue maceration.