Epstein-Barr virus

Definition

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus that primarily infects B cells and epithelial cells, causing mononucleosis. It is associated with several cancers, including Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. EBV is transmitted through saliva, often referred to as the 'kissing disease'.
2. Primary infection usually results in infectious mononucleosis, characterized by fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes.
3. EBV establishes latent infection in B lymphocytes, which can lead to reactivation under certain conditions.
4. Diagnosis of EBV infection can be confirmed using serological tests for specific antibodies such as VCA-IgM and EBNA.
5. There is no specific antiviral treatment for EBV; management focuses on symptomatic relief.

Review Questions

Related terms

Burkitt's Lymphoma:

A type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus.

Latent Infection: A phase in which a virus remains dormant within the host cell without causing active disease.

Serological Tests: Diagnostic tests that detect antibodies or antigens in blood to identify infections like EBV.