Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7)

Definition

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (O157:H7) is a pathogenic strain of E. coli that produces Shiga toxin, leading to severe gastrointestinal illness. Infection can result in hemorrhagic colitis and potentially life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (O157:H7) is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water.
2. The bacterium adheres to intestinal cells using adhesins, causing damage to the epithelial lining.
3. Shiga toxins produced by E. coli O157:H7 inhibit protein synthesis in host cells, leading to cell death.
4. Symptoms include severe abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting; fever may or may not be present.
5. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a serious complication that can cause kidney failure, especially in children and the elderly.

Related terms

Adhesins:

Molecules on bacterial surfaces that allow them to adhere to host tissues.

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS): A condition characterized by hemolysis, low platelet count, and kidney failure often linked to Shiga toxin-producing bacteria.

Shiga Toxin: A potent cytotoxin produced by some strains of bacteria like E. coli O157:H7 that inhibits protein synthesis in host cells.