Ehrlichia chaffeensis

Definition

Ehrlichia chaffeensis is a gram-negative bacterium that causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), an infection transmitted through tick bites. It primarily infects white blood cells, leading to flu-like symptoms and can be severe if untreated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ehrlichia chaffeensis is transmitted by the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum.
2. The bacterium targets monocytes and macrophages in the host immune system.
3. Symptoms of infection include fever, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, and sometimes a rash.
4. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through serologic tests or PCR to detect bacterial DNA.
5. Treatment usually involves antibiotics like doxycycline; early treatment improves outcomes.

Review Questions

Related terms

Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME): An infectious disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis characterized by flu-like symptoms.

Doxycycline:

An antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections including those caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

Amblyomma americanum:

Also known as the lone star tick, it is the primary vector for transmitting Ehrlichia chaffeensis to humans.