Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Eflornithine is a drug used to treat certain parasitic infections, notably African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). It inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme crucial for parasite proliferation.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Eflornithine is effective against Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the parasite responsible for West African sleeping sickness.
It can cross the blood-brain barrier, making it suitable for treating late-stage infections that involve the central nervous system.
The drug is often administered intravenously in hospital settings due to its complex dosing regimen.
Eflornithine's mechanism of action involves inhibiting polyamine synthesis, which is essential for cell division and growth in parasites.
Despite its efficacy, eflornithine can cause side effects such as anemia, leukopenia, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
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Related terms
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: A parasitic protozoan species causing West African sleeping sickness.
Ornithine decarboxylase: An enzyme involved in polyamine synthesis essential for cell growth and differentiation.
Polyamine synthesis: A biological process critical for cell division and growth that is targeted by eflornithine.