Conjugation pilus

Definition

A conjugation pilus is a hair-like appendage found on the surface of many bacteria. It facilitates the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells during conjugation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conjugation pili are involved in horizontal gene transfer, contributing to genetic diversity in prokaryotes.
2. They are primarily composed of a protein called pilin.
3. The formation and function of conjugation pili are often encoded by plasmids.
4. Conjugation pili connect donor and recipient cells, forming a bridge for DNA transfer.
5. They play a crucial role in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial populations.

Review Questions

Related terms

Plasmid:

A small, circular piece of DNA that replicates independently from the chromosomal DNA and can carry genes responsible for various functions including antibiotic resistance.

Horizontal Gene Transfer:

The movement of genetic material between organisms other than through vertical transmission (from parent to offspring).

Pilin: The protein subunit that makes up the structure of pili, including conjugation pili.