Conjugated proteins

Definition

Conjugated proteins are proteins that are covalently bonded to a non-protein group, which is essential for their function. These non-protein groups can include metal ions, lipids, carbohydrates, or nucleic acids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conjugated proteins consist of a simple protein combined with a non-protein component called the prosthetic group.
2. The non-protein group in conjugated proteins can include molecules such as heme in hemoglobin or flavin in flavoproteins.
3. Enzymes that require a metal ion as part of their structure are often conjugated proteins known as metalloproteins.
4. Glycoproteins and lipoproteins are examples of conjugated proteins where the non-protein groups are carbohydrates and lipids, respectively.
5. The prosthetic group plays a crucial role in the biological activity of the conjugated protein, often participating directly in the biochemical reactions.

Review Questions

Related terms

Apoenzyme: The protein component of an enzyme without its necessary cofactor or prosthetic group.

Holoenzyme: A complete enzyme consisting of an apoenzyme bound to its necessary cofactor or prosthetic group.

Metalloprotein: A type of conjugated protein that contains one or more metal ions as part of its structure.