Complementary strand

Definition

A complementary strand is the sequence of DNA that is formed during replication, matching the original template strand according to base-pairing rules. Each base pairs with its specific partner: adenine (A) with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) with guanine (G).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Complementary strands ensure accurate DNA replication by following strict base-pairing rules.
2. The enzyme DNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing the complementary strand during replication.
3. Each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized complementary strand, following the semi-conservative model.
4. Hydrogen bonds form between complementary bases: A-T pairs have two hydrogen bonds, while C-G pairs have three.
5. Errors in forming complementary strands can lead to mutations if not corrected by repair mechanisms.

Review Questions

Related terms

Template Strand:

The original DNA strand used as a guide for synthesizing a complementary strand.

DNA Polymerase:

An enzyme that adds nucleotides to synthesize a new DNA strand using a template.

Semi-Conservative Replication: A method of DNA replication where each new double helix contains one original and one newly synthesized strand.