Clostridium

Definition

Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacteria. They are known for their role in various human diseases and environmental processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Clostridium species are obligate anaerobes, meaning they thrive in environments devoid of oxygen.
2. C. botulinum produces the botulinum toxin, which causes botulism and is one of the most potent toxins known.
3. C. difficile is associated with severe antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis.
4. Clostridium species play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles by decomposing organic matter into simpler compounds.
5. The endospores produced by Clostridium can survive harsh conditions, making them resilient in adverse environments.

Review Questions

• What are the oxygen requirements for Clostridium species?
• Name two diseases caused by different Clostridium species and identify the specific species responsible.
• How do Clostridium species contribute to biogeochemical cycles?

Related terms

Gram-Positive Bacteria: Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall and retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure.

Endospore:

A resistant, dormant structure formed inside some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions.

Anaerobe: An organism that grows without air or requires oxygen-free conditions to live.