Clavulanic acid

Definition

Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that enhances the effectiveness of beta-lactam antibiotics. It is often combined with penicillins to overcome bacterial resistance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Clavulanic acid is not an antibiotic itself but works by inhibiting beta-lactamase enzymes produced by resistant bacteria.
2. It is commonly combined with amoxicillin in the drug Augmentin to treat a wide range of infections.
3. Clavulanic acid binds irreversibly to the active site of beta-lactamase, preventing the enzyme from deactivating the antibiotic.
4. The combination of clavulanic acid with penicillin extends the spectrum of activity against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
5. Excessive use of clavulanic acid combinations can contribute to increased resistance, making careful prescription necessary.

Related terms

Beta-lactamase: Enzymes produced by bacteria that break down beta-lactam antibiotics, rendering them ineffective.

Amoxicillin:

A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic often combined with clavulanic acid to treat various infections.

Antibiotic Resistance:

The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic that they were once sensitive to.