Ciprofloxacin

Definition

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the fluoroquinolone class, effective against various bacterial infections. It operates by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes crucial for bacterial DNA replication.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ciprofloxacin is effective against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria.
2. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing DNA replication.
3. Commonly used to treat urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and gastrointestinal infections.
4. Bacterial resistance can develop through mutations in target enzymes or efflux pumps that expel the drug from the cell.
5. Side effects may include gastrointestinal discomfort, CNS effects like dizziness, and tendonitis or tendon rupture.

Review Questions

Related terms

Fluoroquinolone: A class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis.

DNA Gyrase:

An enzyme targeted by fluoroquinolones involved in supercoiling of bacterial DNA.

Drug Resistance:

The reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial in curing a disease or condition.