Chloroquine

Definition

Chloroquine is an antimalarial drug that also exhibits bactericidal properties. It interferes with the growth of parasites in the red blood cells.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chloroquine works by inhibiting heme polymerase activity in malaria parasites, leading to toxic buildup.
2. It is primarily used to prevent and treat malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites.
3. Besides its antimalarial effects, chloroquine has shown effectiveness against certain viral infections and inflammatory diseases.
4. Resistance to chloroquine has emerged, particularly in Plasmodium falciparum strains.
5. The drug can cause side effects such as gastrointestinal distress, headaches, and retinal toxicity with prolonged use.

Review Questions

• How does chloroquine inhibit the growth of malaria parasites?
• What are some non-malarial uses of chloroquine?
• What are the potential side effects associated with prolonged use of chloroquine?

Related terms

Quinine:

An alkaloid derived from cinchona bark used to treat malaria.

Plasmodium falciparum:

A parasite species responsible for the most severe form of human malaria.

Heme Polymerase Inhibitors: A class of drugs that disrupt heme detoxification in malaria parasites.