Cervix

Definition

The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It plays a crucial role in reproductive health and can be a site for various infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cervix contains both squamous and columnar epithelial cells, which are significant in diagnosing infections.
2. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the cervix can lead to cervical cancer.
3. The normal microbiota of the cervix includes Lactobacillus species, which help maintain an acidic environment to prevent infections.
4. Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix often caused by sexually transmitted infections like Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
5. Pap smears are diagnostic tools used to detect precancerous changes and infections in cervical cells.

Review Questions

• What types of epithelial cells are found in the cervix?
• How does Lactobacillus contribute to cervical health?
• Which sexually transmitted infections commonly cause cervicitis?

Related terms

Uterus:

A hollow muscular organ where fetal development occurs.

Lactobacillus:

A genus of bacteria that helps maintain vaginal pH balance.

Pap Smear: A screening procedure for detecting precancerous and cancerous cells in the cervix.