Carcinogen

Definition

A carcinogen is any substance or agent that can cause cancer by inducing genetic mutations or interfering with cellular metabolic processes. These agents can be chemical, physical, or biological in nature.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carcinogens can cause mutations in microbial genomes, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.
2. Exposure to carcinogens can increase the virulence of certain eukaryotic pathogens by enhancing their ability to induce mutations.
3. Some microbes produce carcinogenic toxins that affect human cells, such as aflatoxins produced by Aspergillus species.
4. Carcinogens can be found in various environmental sources including tobacco smoke, certain industrial chemicals, and UV radiation.
5. The Ames test is a widely used assay to identify potential chemical mutagens and carcinogens.

Review Questions

Related terms

Mutagen:

An agent that causes genetic mutations.

Virulence Factor: Molecules produced by pathogens that contribute to their pathogenicity.

Ames Test: A biological assay used to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds.