Blood-group antigens

Definition

Blood-group antigens are specific molecules present on the surface of red blood cells that determine an individual's blood type. They can trigger immune responses, especially during blood transfusions or organ transplants.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ABO and Rh systems are the most well-known blood-group antigen systems.
2. Mismatch of blood-group antigens during transfusion can cause severe immune reactions, including hemolytic reactions.
3. Blood-group antigens are genetically inherited and follow Mendelian inheritance patterns.
4. Certain infections and autoimmune conditions can alter the expression of blood-group antigens.
5. Blood-group antigen compatibility is crucial in organ transplantation to prevent graft rejection.

Related terms

Antibody:

A protein produced by the immune system that binds to specific antigens.

Hemolytic Reaction: An adverse reaction resulting from the destruction of red blood cells due to incompatible transfusion.

Graft Rejection: The immune response that occurs when transplanted tissue is recognized as foreign by the recipient's immune system.