Atherosclerosis

Definition

Atherosclerosis is a condition where the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to a buildup of plaque around the artery wall. It can lead to serious health issues like heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Atherosclerosis can impact blood flow to various organs, including those involved in the digestive system, by impairing nutrient and oxygen supply.
2. Microbial infections in the mouth, such as periodontitis, have been linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis due to inflammatory responses.
3. The bacteria from oral infections can enter the bloodstream and contribute to plaque formation in arteries.
4. Inflammatory molecules produced during oral infections can exacerbate atherosclerotic processes elsewhere in the body.
5. Good oral hygiene may help reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis by minimizing bacterial load and inflammation.

Review Questions

Related terms

Periodontitis:

A severe gum infection that damages gums and can destroy the jawbone.

Plaque: A mixture of fatty substances, cholesterol, waste products from cells, calcium, and fibrin that builds up on artery walls.

Inflammation:

The body's response to harmful stimuli like pathogens or damaged cells; it often involves swelling, heat, redness, and pain.