Aquifex

Definition

Aquifex is a genus of bacteria that are hyperthermophilic and chemolithoautotrophic, thriving in extreme environments such as hot springs and hydrothermal vents. They are among the deepest-branching bacteria, offering insights into early life on Earth.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Aquifex can survive at temperatures above 85°C, making them hyperthermophiles.
2. They are chemolithoautotrophs, meaning they obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic substances.
3. Aquifex species are known for their ability to fix carbon dioxide using the reverse Krebs cycle.
4. These bacteria are among the most ancient lineages of Bacteria, providing clues about early microbial life.
5. Aquifex aeolicus was one of the first genomes from a deeply branching bacterium to be sequenced.

Review Questions

• What temperature range do Aquifex typically thrive in?
• How do Aquifex bacteria obtain their energy?
• Why are Aquifex considered important for understanding early microbial evolution?

Related terms

Hyperthermophile: An organism that thrives at extremely high temperatures, often above 80°C.

Chemolithoautotroph: An organism that derives energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and uses CO2 as a carbon source.

Reverse Krebs Cycle: A series of chemical reactions used by some bacteria to fix carbon dioxide and synthesize organic molecules.