Adhesins

Definition

Adhesins are surface structures on pathogens that allow them to adhere to host cells. They play a crucial role in the initial stages of microbial infection.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Adhesins are essential for the attachment of pathogens to host tissues, which is a critical step in colonization and infection.
2. They can be composed of proteins, glycoproteins, or polysaccharides.
3. Common examples include pili, fimbriae, and viral spike proteins.
4. Adhesin-receptor interactions can determine the specificity of a pathogen for its host.
5. Disruption of adhesin function can prevent infection and is a target for therapeutic interventions.

Review Questions

• What role do adhesins play in microbial infections?
• Name three types of adhesins commonly found on pathogens.
• How can disrupting adhesin function help prevent infections?

Related terms

Pili:

Hair-like structures on bacterial surfaces that aid in attachment to host cells.

Fimbriae:

Shorter than pili, these structures also facilitate bacterial adherence to surfaces.

Receptor: A molecule on the host cell surface that binds specifically to an adhesin, enabling pathogen adherence.