Acanthamoeba keratitis
Definition
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but severe eye infection caused by Acanthamoeba species, typically affecting the cornea. It is often associated with contact lens use and can lead to vision impairment or blindness if not treated promptly.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Acanthamoeba keratitis primarily affects contact lens wearers due to improper lens hygiene or exposure to contaminated water.
- Symptoms include severe eye pain, redness, blurred vision, light sensitivity, and excessive tearing.
- Diagnosis typically involves corneal scraping and microscopy or culture to detect Acanthamoeba cysts and trophozoites.
- Treatment often includes a combination of topical antiseptics like chlorhexidine and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB).
- Preventative measures include proper contact lens care, avoiding swimming or using hot tubs while wearing lenses, and never using tap water to clean lenses.
Review Questions
- What are the primary risk factors for developing Acanthamoeba keratitis?
- Describe the typical symptoms of Acanthamoeba keratitis.
- What are common treatments used for managing Acanthamoeba keratitis?
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Related terms
Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea that can be caused by infections, injury, or underlying diseases.
Protozoan Infections: Infections caused by protozoa, single-celled eukaryotic organisms which can affect various body systems including skin and eyes.
Contact Lens-Associated Infections: Infections that occur in individuals who wear contact lenses, often due to poor hygiene practices or exposure to contaminated water.
