MS-13

Definition

MS-13, or Mara Salvatrucha, is a violent transnational criminal gang that originated in Los Angeles in the 1980s, primarily formed by Salvadoran immigrants. It has since spread throughout the United States and Central America, known for its brutal tactics and involvement in drug trafficking, extortion, and other organized crime activities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. MS-13 was initially created to protect Salvadoran immigrants from other gangs in Los Angeles but evolved into a powerful criminal organization with extensive networks.
2. The gang's emblematic slogan 'mata, roba, viola' translates to 'kill, steal, rape,' illustrating their violent reputation and criminal activities.
3. MS-13 is notorious for its extreme violence and has been involved in numerous high-profile killings and acts of brutality against rival gangs and innocent civilians.
4. The gang has a significant presence in Central American countries like El Salvador and Honduras, where it has contributed to high levels of violence and insecurity.
5. Law enforcement agencies have collaborated internationally to combat MS-13's influence, recognizing the gang's role in drug trafficking and organized crime networks across borders.

Review Questions

• How did the origins of MS-13 reflect the social context of Salvadoran immigrants in Los Angeles during the 1980s?
  • MS-13 originated as a response to the challenges faced by Salvadoran immigrants in Los Angeles during the 1980s, including discrimination and violence from established gangs. Initially formed for protection and community solidarity, it quickly evolved into a more structured criminal organization as members began engaging in illegal activities such as drug trafficking and extortion. This transformation highlights how social conditions can shape gang identity and purpose within immigrant communities.
• Discuss the impact of MS-13 on local communities in both the United States and Central America.
  • MS-13 has had devastating effects on local communities in both the United States and Central America through its involvement in violent crime, drug trafficking, and extortion. In the U.S., neighborhoods with a strong MS-13 presence often experience heightened fear and insecurity, leading to community disintegration. In Central America, particularly in El Salvador and Honduras, the gang's activities contribute to widespread violence, forcing families to flee their homes and creating significant challenges for law enforcement and governance.
• Evaluate the strategies used by law enforcement to combat MS-13 and assess their effectiveness in addressing organized crime.
  • Law enforcement strategies to combat MS-13 have included increased policing efforts, international cooperation among agencies, and targeted operations against gang leaders. While some operations have resulted in arrests and reduced gang activity in specific areas, challenges remain due to the gang's deep-rooted influence within communities and its ability to adapt to law enforcement tactics. Evaluating these strategies reveals a need for comprehensive approaches that address underlying social issues, support community resilience, and promote rehabilitation rather than solely focusing on punitive measures.

Related terms

Gang Culture: A social environment characterized by group identity, often involving illegal activities and a hierarchy of power within the gang.

Drug Trafficking: The illegal trade of controlled substances, which is often linked to organized crime groups like MS-13.

Extortion: The practice of obtaining money, goods, or services from individuals or businesses through coercion or threats, often employed by gangs for revenue.