Scalar Implicature: 'Scalar implicature' refers to the phenomenon where a speaker's choice of a term on a scale (like 'some' vs. 'all') implies something about the state of affairs beyond the literal meaning, often indicating that the speaker intends to convey less than what could be expressed.
Generalized Conversational Implicature: 'Generalized conversational implicature' occurs when a conversational implication arises from the general context of communication, rather than specific knowledge about the individuals involved, allowing listeners to draw conclusions based on shared understanding.
Quantifier: 'Quantifier' is a linguistic term for words that express quantity, such as 'all,' 'some,' or 'many,' and can influence the interpretation of statements in terms of scope and certainty.