Should

Definition

'Should' is a modal verb that expresses obligation, recommendation, or expectation. It is often used to indicate what is considered the right or appropriate action in a given context, suggesting a sense of duty or advice. In different contexts, 'should' can also reflect epistemic modality, showing beliefs or assumptions about what is true or likely to happen, as well as deontic modality, which conveys obligations and permissions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. 'Should' is frequently used to give advice or make recommendations, indicating what is considered the best course of action.
2. In epistemic usage, 'should' can imply what the speaker believes is likely true based on available evidence, like 'It should rain today.'
3. 'Should' can express deontic modality by indicating obligations, such as in 'You should finish your homework before going out.'
4. The meaning of 'should' can change based on context; it may convey a stronger or weaker obligation depending on additional information provided.
5. 'Should not' is commonly used to express prohibitions or warnings against certain actions.

Review Questions

• How does the use of 'should' differ when expressing epistemic modality versus deontic modality?
  • 'Should' serves different functions depending on whether it expresses epistemic or deontic modality. In epistemic contexts, it suggests a belief about what is likely true or expected based on evidence, as in 'He should arrive by noon.' In contrast, when used in a deontic sense, 'should' indicates an obligation or recommendation regarding actions that ought to be taken, such as 'You should submit your assignment on time.' Understanding this distinction helps clarify how 'should' shapes meaning in various contexts.
• Discuss how context influences the interpretation of 'should' in sentences related to obligations and expectations.
  • 'Should' can carry varying weights of obligation depending on context. For instance, in a formal setting like a workplace, saying 'You should follow the guidelines' suggests a stronger obligation compared to a casual conversation where someone might say, 'You should try that new restaurant.' Contextual cues such as tone, setting, and speaker authority play a crucial role in determining whether 'should' conveys a strong directive or merely a suggestion.
• Evaluate the implications of using 'should' in communication and how it affects interpersonal relationships.
  • Using 'should' in communication can significantly influence interpersonal dynamics. It carries an inherent judgment about what is deemed correct behavior or thought. When someone says, 'You should apologize,' it may create pressure for compliance and could be perceived as condescending if not framed appropriately. Thus, understanding the nuanced implications of using 'should' can help individuals communicate more effectively and empathetically, fostering better relationships while conveying expectations clearly.

Related terms

Modality: 'Modality' refers to the linguistic and philosophical concept that deals with the way language expresses necessity, possibility, and certainty, often through modal verbs like 'should.'

Epistemic Modality: 'Epistemic modality' pertains to the speaker's assessment of the truth value or likelihood of a proposition, expressing degrees of belief or knowledge.

Deontic Modality: 'Deontic modality' involves expressions of obligation, permission, or prohibition, often reflecting social rules and norms governing behavior.