Communicative language teaching

Definition

Communicative language teaching (CLT) is an approach to language education that emphasizes interaction as the primary means of language learning. This method focuses on enabling students to communicate effectively and fluently in real-life situations, fostering their ability to use the language for meaningful communication rather than just mastering grammatical rules.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CLT emerged in the 1970s as a response to traditional methods that focused primarily on grammar and vocabulary memorization.
2. In CLT, learners participate in activities that require them to communicate, such as role-plays, group discussions, and problem-solving tasks.
3. The goal of communicative language teaching is not only to improve linguistic skills but also to enhance learners' confidence in using the language in social interactions.
4. Teachers who use CLT often prioritize student-centered learning, creating opportunities for learners to take an active role in their own education.
5. Assessment in CLT typically involves evaluating learners' ability to use language in context rather than solely relying on written tests of grammar or vocabulary.

Review Questions

• How does communicative language teaching differentiate itself from traditional language teaching methods?
  • Communicative language teaching differs from traditional methods by prioritizing interaction and real-life communication over rote memorization of grammar rules and vocabulary. While traditional approaches often focus on accuracy and correctness through drills and exercises, CLT emphasizes the ability to use the language spontaneously and fluently in meaningful contexts. This shift allows learners to develop practical communication skills that are applicable in everyday situations.
• What role do authentic materials play in communicative language teaching, and why are they important for effective learning?
  • Authentic materials are crucial in communicative language teaching as they provide learners with exposure to real-world language use. These resources help students understand how the language functions in various contexts, making learning more relevant and engaging. By interacting with authentic texts and conversations, learners can improve their listening, reading, speaking, and writing skills while gaining cultural insights that enhance their overall proficiency.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of communicative language teaching in fostering learner autonomy and engagement compared to more conventional methods.
  • Communicative language teaching effectively fosters learner autonomy by encouraging students to take responsibility for their own learning through active participation and collaboration. Unlike conventional methods that may rely heavily on teacher-led instruction, CLT promotes engagement by allowing learners to explore topics of interest and practice using the language in social interactions. This approach not only boosts motivation but also equips students with the confidence needed to navigate real-life communication scenarios, ultimately leading to greater success in their language acquisition.

Related terms

Task-based learning: An instructional approach that uses meaningful tasks as the central component of language learning, encouraging students to use the language creatively in practical contexts.

Fluency vs. accuracy: A key distinction in language learning, where fluency refers to the ability to communicate smoothly and effortlessly, while accuracy focuses on the correct use of grammar and vocabulary.

Authentic materials: Real-life resources such as newspapers, videos, and conversations used in teaching to provide students with exposure to the language as it is naturally used.