Søren kierkegaard

Definition

Søren Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher and theologian, widely regarded as the father of existentialism. His work emphasized individual existence, personal choice, and the subjective experience of faith, which laid the groundwork for later existential thinkers. Kierkegaard's focus on the importance of personal responsibility and the angst of making choices reflects the core themes of existentialism, highlighting the struggle to find meaning in a seemingly indifferent universe.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kierkegaard wrote under various pseudonyms, each representing different perspectives and viewpoints in his philosophical discussions.
2. His major works include 'Fear and Trembling', 'Either/Or', and 'The Sickness Unto Death', which explore themes like despair, faith, and ethical living.
3. Kierkegaard believed that individuals must confront their own existential despair to achieve authentic existence and true faith.
4. He criticized organized religion for promoting a shallow understanding of faith, advocating instead for a deeply personal relationship with God.
5. Kierkegaard's philosophy influenced later existentialists like Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger, who built upon his ideas about existence and authenticity.

Review Questions

• How does Kierkegaard’s emphasis on individual choice contribute to the understanding of existentialism?
  • Kierkegaard’s emphasis on individual choice is central to existentialism because it underscores the idea that each person is responsible for creating their own meaning in life. He believed that individuals must confront their unique situations and make choices that reflect their true selves, often facing anxiety as a result. This focus on personal responsibility resonates with existentialists who argue that existence precedes essence, meaning that we define ourselves through our actions.
• Discuss the significance of Kierkegaard’s concept of ‘The Leap of Faith’ in relation to existential thought.
  • Kierkegaard’s concept of ‘The Leap of Faith’ is significant in existential thought because it illustrates the tension between reason and faith. He argued that belief in God cannot be fully justified through rationality and instead requires a passionate commitment that transcends logical proof. This idea challenges individuals to embrace uncertainty and make profound personal decisions about their beliefs, reflecting the broader existential theme of finding meaning in an uncertain world.
• Evaluate how Kierkegaard's ideas on subjective truth influence contemporary discussions on personal identity and morality.
  • Kierkegaard's ideas on subjective truth significantly influence contemporary discussions about personal identity and morality by promoting the view that our understanding of truth is deeply connected to our personal experiences. This perspective encourages individuals to explore their own values and beliefs rather than conforming to societal norms. In today’s context, this has led to a greater emphasis on authenticity in personal identity, suggesting that morality is not universally fixed but shaped by individual perspectives and choices.

Related terms

Existential Anxiety: A feeling of unease or dread that arises from the individual's awareness of their own freedom and the weight of their choices.

Subjective Truth: The idea that truth is not objective but rather based on personal experiences and perspectives, a key concept in Kierkegaard's philosophy.

The Leap of Faith: A concept introduced by Kierkegaard referring to the act of embracing belief in God despite the inherent uncertainty and lack of rational proof.