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🎻intro to humanities review

Existential humanism

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Existential humanism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes individual freedom, choice, and the inherent dignity of human beings while acknowledging the absurdity and meaninglessness of existence. It combines elements of existentialism, which focuses on personal experience and the search for meaning, with a humanistic outlook that values human agency and ethical responsibility in creating one’s own essence and purpose.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Existential humanism originated in response to existentialist thought, particularly during the 20th century when thinkers like Jean-Paul Sartre merged existentialism with humanistic values.
  2. This philosophy posits that while life may be devoid of inherent meaning, individuals have the power and responsibility to create their own meaning through choices and actions.
  3. Existential humanists advocate for personal authenticity and self-actualization as essential components of a fulfilling life.
  4. The emphasis on ethical responsibility in existential humanism aligns with the belief that individuals must consider their impact on others while navigating their freedom.
  5. Existential humanism also addresses societal issues, arguing that understanding individual experiences can lead to greater empathy and social change.

Review Questions

  • How does existential humanism connect individual freedom with ethical responsibility?
    • Existential humanism connects individual freedom with ethical responsibility by emphasizing that while individuals are free to make choices, they must also recognize the consequences of those choices on themselves and others. This perspective encourages people to act authentically while being aware of their role in shaping both their own lives and the society around them. Thus, personal freedom is not just about self-determination but also about being accountable for one's actions.
  • In what ways does existential humanism differ from traditional humanism in its approach to meaning and existence?
    • Existential humanism differs from traditional humanism by integrating existentialist views on the absurdity of existence into its framework. While traditional humanism often assumes an inherent meaning or purpose to life rooted in reason and moral values, existential humanism recognizes that life may lack objective meaning. Instead, it focuses on how individuals can navigate this lack of inherent meaning by actively creating their own purpose through choices, thus merging existential insights with a commitment to human dignity.
  • Evaluate the implications of existential humanism for contemporary ethical discussions surrounding personal identity and social responsibility.
    • Existential humanism significantly impacts contemporary ethical discussions by encouraging a more nuanced understanding of personal identity that considers both individual autonomy and social responsibility. It promotes the idea that individuals shape their identities through choices, yet these choices must be made with an awareness of their effects on others. This dual focus invites deeper reflections on social justice, community engagement, and empathy in today's interconnected world, urging people to recognize that their search for meaning must also include a commitment to improving society.