Ethical frameworks

Definition

Ethical frameworks are structured systems of principles that guide individuals in determining what is right or wrong, shaping their moral decisions and actions. These frameworks help people navigate complex moral dilemmas by providing criteria to evaluate situations and make consistent choices. Different ethical frameworks can emphasize various aspects such as consequences, duties, or virtues, influencing how individuals perceive and respond to ethical challenges.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ethical frameworks provide a way for individuals to assess moral dilemmas systematically, allowing for more informed and consistent decision-making.
2. There are several major types of ethical frameworks, including consequentialist (like utilitarianism), deontological, and virtue-based approaches.
3. In modern philosophy, ethical frameworks have evolved to address contemporary moral issues such as bioethics, environmental ethics, and social justice.
4. Philosophers often debate the merits and shortcomings of different ethical frameworks, highlighting how context can influence the application of moral principles.
5. Understanding various ethical frameworks is essential for engaging in philosophical discussions about morality, as they provide the basis for reasoning about ethical issues.

Review Questions

• How do different ethical frameworks influence decision-making in moral dilemmas?
  • Different ethical frameworks influence decision-making by providing distinct criteria for evaluating actions. For instance, utilitarianism encourages individuals to consider the outcomes of their actions and aim for the greatest good, while deontological ethics focuses on following established rules and duties regardless of the consequences. This variation in approach means that a person might reach different conclusions about what is right or wrong depending on which framework they apply to a particular situation.
• Discuss how ethical frameworks have adapted to contemporary issues in philosophy.
  • Ethical frameworks have adapted to contemporary issues by expanding their application to fields like bioethics, environmental ethics, and social justice. As society faces new moral challenges, such as genetic engineering or climate change, philosophers refine existing frameworks or develop new ones to address these complexities. This evolution demonstrates how ethical thinking remains relevant by applying traditional principles to modern contexts and dilemmas.
• Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of utilitarianism as an ethical framework compared to deontology.
  • Utilitarianism's strength lies in its practical approach of maximizing overall happiness, making it appealing for addressing large-scale issues like public policy. However, it can sometimes justify harmful actions if they lead to a greater good, raising concerns about justice and individual rights. In contrast, deontology's focus on duty ensures that certain actions are always considered wrong regardless of outcomes, promoting respect for individuals. Yet, its rigidity may lead to morally questionable results when strict adherence to rules prevents consideration of context or consequences.

Related terms

Utilitarianism:

An ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people.

Deontology:

An ethical framework that emphasizes the importance of following rules and duties, asserting that certain actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of their consequences.

Virtue Ethics:

An approach to ethics that focuses on the character and virtues of individuals rather than solely on rules or consequences, encouraging the development of moral qualities such as honesty and courage.