Corinthian Order

Definition

The Corinthian Order is one of the classical orders of ancient architecture, characterized by its slender columns and elaborate capitals adorned with acanthus leaves and scrolls. This style represents the height of Greek architectural refinement and is often associated with grandeur and decorative complexity. It is typically used in monumental structures and can often be found in temples and public buildings from the Hellenistic period onward.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Corinthian Order emerged in the 4th century BCE and became popular during the Hellenistic period, influencing Roman architecture significantly.
2. Its capitals are highly ornate, featuring not only acanthus leaves but also flowers and scroll-like decorations, making it visually striking.
3. The Corinthian column is usually taller than those of the Doric or Ionic Orders, giving it an impression of elegance and lightness.
4. While the Doric and Ionic Orders were used primarily in temples dedicated to specific deities, the Corinthian Order was favored for larger civic buildings like libraries and public forums.
5. Notable examples of the Corinthian Order include the Temple of Olympian Zeus in Athens and many structures in ancient Rome, including the Pantheon.

Review Questions

• How does the Corinthian Order differ from the Doric and Ionic Orders in terms of design and function?
  • The Corinthian Order differs significantly from both the Doric and Ionic Orders primarily through its elaborate capitals that feature acanthus leaves and scrolls, making it more decorative. While Doric columns are stout and simple, emphasizing strength, and Ionic columns are slightly more slender with volutes, Corinthian columns are even taller and more ornate. This intricate design allows Corinthian columns to convey a sense of grandeur suitable for monumental civic buildings rather than just temples.
• Discuss how the popularity of the Corinthian Order evolved during different historical periods, particularly in relation to Roman architecture.
  • The popularity of the Corinthian Order surged during the Hellenistic period when it became a symbol of architectural sophistication. As Rome adopted Greek architectural styles, they embraced the Corinthian Order for its elegance, incorporating it into their own structures such as temples and basilicas. This order not only became a hallmark of Roman architecture but also influenced later architectural movements throughout history, reflecting changing tastes in design from simple to more elaborate forms.
• Evaluate the impact of the Corinthian Order on modern architecture, especially regarding its stylistic elements in contemporary buildings.
  • The impact of the Corinthian Order on modern architecture is significant as many contemporary buildings draw inspiration from its classic elements. The ornate capitals with acanthus leaves can be seen in various government buildings and monuments today, reflecting a desire to connect with historical grandeur. Furthermore, as architects often aim to convey prestige and formality through their designs, the use of Corinthian features helps bridge past architectural traditions with modern aesthetics, showcasing an enduring legacy that highlights continuity in architectural expression.

Related terms

Doric Order:

The Doric Order is the earliest and simplest of the classical orders, known for its sturdy columns and plain capitals, representing strength and functionality.

Ionic Order:

The Ionic Order features more slender columns than the Doric Order, with distinctive volutes (scroll-like ornaments) on its capitals, symbolizing elegance and sophistication.

Acanthus: Acanthus is a plant whose leaves are often used as decorative motifs in architecture and design, notably featured in the Corinthian capitals.