Corinthian

Definition

Corinthian refers to one of the classical orders of ancient Greek architecture, characterized by its elaborate column design featuring a slender fluted shaft and an ornate capital adorned with acanthus leaves and scrolls. This style emerged in the late classical period and became a dominant influence in subsequent architectural movements, showcasing a blend of elegance and grandeur that resonated through various historical periods.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Corinthian order was first fully realized in the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae, built in the 5th century BCE.
2. This architectural style was often associated with grandeur and opulence, making it popular for important public buildings and temples.
3. Corinthian columns became widely adopted during the Hellenistic period and later influenced Roman architecture significantly.
4. In Renaissance architecture, the Corinthian order was revived and adapted to suit new design aesthetics, becoming a symbol of classical revival.
5. Neoclassical architecture further embraced the Corinthian style, emphasizing symmetry and grandeur in public buildings like government edifices.

Review Questions

• How does the Corinthian order differ from the Doric and Ionic orders in terms of design and cultural significance?
  • The Corinthian order is distinguished by its ornate capital adorned with acanthus leaves, setting it apart from the simpler Doric order, which features a plain capital, and the more graceful Ionic order with its scroll-like volutes. Culturally, the Corinthian style represents a shift towards greater decoration and complexity in Greek architecture during the late classical period. This transition highlights changing aesthetic values that embraced luxury and intricacy, influencing subsequent architectural styles.
• Analyze the influence of Corinthian columns on Roman architecture and how they contributed to the architectural identity of ancient Rome.
  • Corinthian columns were highly favored in Roman architecture due to their grandeur and decorative appeal. They were prominently used in significant structures such as temples and basilicas, contributing to a distinct Roman architectural identity that emphasized monumental scale and lavish ornamentation. The adoption of Corinthian elements showcased Rome's appreciation for Greek artistic heritage while simultaneously adapting these features to express imperial power and sophistication.
• Evaluate the role of the Corinthian order in Renaissance and Neoclassical architecture, considering how it shaped architectural trends during these periods.
  • During the Renaissance, architects sought to revive classical styles, leading to a renewed interest in the Corinthian order as a symbol of elegance and sophistication. This revival not only brought back the aesthetics of ancient Greece but also influenced new architectural designs that emphasized symmetry and proportion. In Neoclassical architecture, the Corinthian style was further refined and widely used in public buildings, serving as a visual representation of democratic ideals and civic virtue, thereby solidifying its legacy across centuries.

Related terms

Doric:

The Doric order is the simplest of the three classical orders, featuring a sturdy column with a plain capital and no base, representing strength and simplicity.

Ionic: The Ionic order is characterized by its slender, fluted columns and volute scrolls on the capital, blending grace with functionality.

Acanthus: Acanthus refers to a leafy plant whose stylized leaves were commonly used in decorative motifs, particularly in Corinthian capitals.