Conflict Perspective

Definition

The conflict perspective is a sociological viewpoint that sees society as composed of groups competing for limited resources and power. This perspective emphasizes the inherent inequalities within social structures, suggesting that social change arises from the conflicts between different groups, such as social classes, races, or religious groups. By understanding these conflicts, one can analyze how new religious movements often emerge in response to societal tensions and power dynamics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The conflict perspective highlights how new religious movements can arise as a reaction to social inequality and injustice experienced by marginalized groups.
2. New religious movements often challenge the dominant cultural norms and values, providing an alternative belief system that resonates with those feeling oppressed.
3. The emergence of new religious movements can be seen as a form of resistance against established power structures that maintain inequality.
4. Conflict theorists argue that religion can both perpetuate and challenge social inequality, depending on how it is used by different groups within society.
5. Social movements related to new religions may draw attention to broader societal issues, advocating for change and often leading to significant social transformations.

Review Questions

• How does the conflict perspective explain the emergence of new religious movements in society?
  • The conflict perspective explains that new religious movements often emerge as a response to social injustices and inequalities experienced by marginalized groups. These movements provide a platform for individuals to express their discontent with the existing social order and seek alternative beliefs that challenge dominant ideologies. By addressing issues like oppression and disenfranchisement, these movements reflect the underlying tensions within society.
• Discuss the role of cultural hegemony in shaping new religious movements according to the conflict perspective.
  • Cultural hegemony plays a significant role in shaping new religious movements from the conflict perspective by highlighting how dominant cultural norms suppress alternative beliefs. New religious movements often arise as counter-narratives to this cultural dominance, appealing to those who feel marginalized. By challenging the status quo, these movements create a space for diverse voices and belief systems that resist cultural hegemony.
• Evaluate the impact of social stratification on the development of new religious movements within the framework of the conflict perspective.
  • Within the framework of the conflict perspective, social stratification significantly impacts the development of new religious movements by creating divisions among different groups. Those at the bottom of the stratification system may turn to these movements as a means of empowerment or resistance against perceived injustices. The conflicts arising from stratification can lead to increased solidarity among marginalized groups, fostering the growth of alternative belief systems that challenge mainstream religions and societal structures.

Related terms

Social Stratification:

The hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on wealth, power, and status, which often leads to conflict among different social classes.

Marginalization:

The process by which certain groups are pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources and opportunities, thus fueling conflict.

Cultural Hegemony:

The dominance of one cultural group over others, often maintained through institutions and social norms, leading to tensions and resistance from marginalized groups.