American Revolution

Definition

The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that occurred between 1765 and 1783, leading to the independence of the thirteen American colonies from British rule. This significant event was fueled by Enlightenment ideas about liberty and government, influencing various ideologies of nationalism and shaping the identity of a new nation. It marked a radical shift in political thought and practice, highlighting the principles of democracy and individual rights.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The American Revolution was influenced heavily by Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, whose ideas about natural rights inspired colonists to seek independence.
2. Key battles during the revolution included the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Yorktown, each playing a crucial role in turning the tide against British forces.
3. The revolution not only sought independence from Britain but also established principles of democracy that emphasized popular sovereignty and individual rights.
4. France's involvement in supporting the American Revolution was crucial, providing military assistance that helped ensure victory over Britain.
5. The outcome of the American Revolution led to the creation of the United States Constitution in 1787, which established a federal government based on democratic principles.

Review Questions

• How did Enlightenment philosophy shape the motivations behind the American Revolution?
  • Enlightenment philosophy played a crucial role in shaping the motivations behind the American Revolution by introducing ideas about individual rights, government by consent, and liberty. Thinkers like John Locke argued that governments should protect natural rights, which inspired colonists to resist British rule when they felt their rights were being violated. This philosophical foundation fostered a sense of entitlement to freedom and self-governance that drove revolutionary sentiments.
• Discuss the impact of nationalism that emerged from the American Revolution on subsequent movements in other countries.
  • The nationalism that emerged from the American Revolution significantly impacted subsequent movements around the world by providing a model for colonies seeking independence. The revolution demonstrated that a united effort against colonial powers could lead to successful self-determination. This inspired various nationalist movements in Europe and Latin America throughout the 19th century as nations sought to assert their identity and autonomy against imperial rule, showcasing a shift toward national sovereignty.
• Evaluate how the principles established during the American Revolution continue to influence modern democratic societies worldwide.
  • The principles established during the American Revolution, such as democracy, individual rights, and government accountability, continue to have a profound influence on modern democratic societies worldwide. The ideas set forth in foundational documents like the Declaration of Independence resonate globally as they advocate for liberty and equality. As nations strive for democracy today, they often draw inspiration from the American model, leading to various movements for civil rights and democratic governance rooted in these Enlightenment ideals.

Related terms

Declaration of Independence: A document adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the thirteen American colonies independent from British rule, outlining the philosophical justification for independence based on natural rights.

Continental Congress: A series of meetings held by representatives of the American colonies to coordinate resistance against British policies and ultimately govern during the Revolutionary War.

Federalism:

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, significant in establishing the framework for the United States government after the revolution.