Tacitus

Definition

Tacitus was a Roman historian and senator who lived from around 56 to 120 CE, known for his critical and insightful accounts of the Roman Empire. His works provide valuable historical context, particularly concerning the early years of Christianity, including the events surrounding the crucifixion and resurrection. Tacitus' writings help illuminate the sociopolitical environment of the time, shedding light on how the Roman authorities viewed early Christians and their beliefs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tacitus refers to Christ indirectly while discussing Emperor Nero's persecution of Christians after the Great Fire of Rome in 64 CE, highlighting the early tensions between the Roman state and Christian groups.
2. His writings suggest that Christians were widely regarded with suspicion and disdain by Roman authorities during his time, which provides context for understanding the challenges faced by early followers of Jesus.
3. Tacitus is considered one of the most reliable sources for understanding Roman history due to his critical approach to historical documentation, often analyzing events from multiple perspectives.
4. The passage where Tacitus mentions Christ is one of the earliest non-Christian references to Jesus, emphasizing his importance as a historical figure beyond Christian texts.
5. Tacitus' works contribute to understanding how early Christians were perceived within the broader framework of Roman society and politics, shaping our knowledge of their struggles and resilience.

Review Questions

• How does Tacitus' account provide insight into the relationship between early Christians and the Roman government?
  • Tacitus’ writings reflect a tense relationship between early Christians and the Roman authorities, as he recounts how Emperor Nero scapegoated Christians for the Great Fire of Rome. His reference to Christians highlights their vulnerability and societal status as outsiders. This perspective helps us understand the political challenges early Christians faced, illustrating how their faith often placed them at odds with powerful Roman figures.
• In what ways do Tacitus' works enhance our understanding of the historical context surrounding Jesus' crucifixion?
  • Tacitus' Annals provide an external viewpoint on early Christianity during a time when it was emerging amidst complex political dynamics in Rome. His accounts indirectly connect Jesus’ crucifixion with subsequent events like Nero's persecution, allowing us to comprehend how such historical moments influenced Christian communities. This context enriches our understanding of how early believers navigated their faith against a backdrop of skepticism and hostility from Roman leaders.
• Evaluate the significance of Tacitus as a source for both historians and theologians studying early Christianity.
  • Tacitus holds significant value for both historians and theologians as his works serve as one of the few contemporary accounts discussing early Christianity outside of biblical texts. His critical analysis offers insights into Roman perceptions of Christians and their beliefs during a formative period in Christian history. By examining Tacitus’ writings, scholars can better understand how societal attitudes influenced religious development, providing a more nuanced view of faith practices amid political turmoil.

Related terms

Annals: A major work by Tacitus that covers the history of the Roman Empire from the reign of Tiberius to Nero, offering insights into the political climate and events of that period.

Histories: Another work by Tacitus that discusses the Year of the Four Emperors and subsequent events, providing context for understanding the instability and transitions in leadership during this tumultuous time.

Nero: The Roman Emperor from 54 to 68 CE, whose reign is often associated with tyranny and persecution, particularly of Christians, which Tacitus references in his writings.