key term - Pedestrian Survey

Definition

A pedestrian survey is an archaeological method that involves systematically walking over a designated area to identify and document surface artifacts and features. This technique allows archaeologists to gather data on the distribution of materials across the landscape, making it a valuable tool for assessing site locations and understanding past human activity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pedestrian surveys are often conducted in teams to ensure thorough coverage of the area and to enhance the likelihood of discovering artifacts.
2. This method can be used in various terrains, including urban areas, agricultural fields, and natural landscapes, making it versatile for different archaeological contexts.
3. The results from pedestrian surveys can help archaeologists identify areas of high archaeological potential for future excavation or more detailed study.
4. Recording the precise locations of artifacts during a pedestrian survey is essential for understanding spatial relationships and interpreting past human behavior.
5. Incorporating GPS technology in pedestrian surveys can improve accuracy in mapping artifact locations and enhance data analysis.

Review Questions

• How does a pedestrian survey contribute to our understanding of archaeological sites and past human activities?
  • A pedestrian survey plays a crucial role in identifying and documenting surface artifacts, which provides valuable insights into past human activities. By systematically walking over a designated area, archaeologists can observe patterns in the distribution of materials, helping them understand how people interacted with their environment. This initial data collection can also guide future excavation efforts by pinpointing areas with higher concentrations of artifacts that may indicate significant historical activity.
• Discuss the advantages and limitations of using pedestrian surveys as an archaeological survey technique.
  • Pedestrian surveys offer several advantages, including cost-effectiveness and the ability to quickly cover large areas without invasive techniques. They allow archaeologists to gather preliminary data on site location and artifact distribution. However, limitations include potential biases in visibility based on terrain or vegetation cover, which may lead to incomplete data. Additionally, pedestrian surveys primarily focus on surface-level finds and may miss deeper archaeological deposits that could be crucial for understanding a site's full history.
• Evaluate how advancements in technology, such as GIS and GPS, have impacted the effectiveness of pedestrian surveys in archaeology.
  • Advancements in technology like GIS and GPS have significantly enhanced the effectiveness of pedestrian surveys by providing tools for precise mapping and spatial analysis. GPS allows archaeologists to accurately record artifact locations, while GIS facilitates complex analysis of spatial data to reveal patterns in artifact distribution across landscapes. These technologies enable a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior and site formation processes, allowing researchers to make informed decisions about further investigations and interpretations of archaeological sites.

Related terms

Site Inventory: The process of cataloging and recording archaeological sites within a specific area, which helps to assess their significance and potential for further research.

Surface Collection: The act of gathering artifacts found on the surface of an archaeological site during a survey, providing insights into the site's history and usage.

GIS (Geographic Information Systems): A system that allows for the capture, analysis, and visualization of spatial data, often used in archaeology to map site locations and analyze patterns in the distribution of artifacts.