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🥸intro to psychology review

Zoloft

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Zoloft is a brand name for the antidepressant medication sertraline, which is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It works by increasing the availability of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain, which can help regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of these disorders.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Zoloft is approved by the FDA for the treatment of major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
  2. Zoloft is typically taken once daily, with or without food, and can take several weeks to reach its full therapeutic effect.
  3. Common side effects of Zoloft include nausea, diarrhea, dry mouth, drowsiness, and increased sweating, which often improve over time as the body adjusts to the medication.
  4. Zoloft should not be abruptly discontinued, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, dizziness, and flu-like symptoms. The dosage should be gradually tapered under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
  5. Zoloft may interact with certain medications, including other antidepressants, blood thinners, and seizure medications, so it is important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.

Review Questions

  • Explain how Zoloft, as an SSRI, works to alleviate symptoms of mental health conditions.
    • Zoloft, as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), works by blocking the reuptake or reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. This leads to an increase in the availability of serotonin, which can help regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of conditions like depression, anxiety, and PTSD. By increasing serotonin levels, Zoloft can help restore the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, which is often disrupted in these mental health disorders.
  • Describe the potential side effects associated with Zoloft and the importance of gradual dosage adjustments.
    • Zoloft can cause a range of side effects, including nausea, diarrhea, dry mouth, drowsiness, and increased sweating. These side effects are often temporary and tend to improve as the body adjusts to the medication. However, it is important to note that Zoloft should not be abruptly discontinued, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, dizziness, and flu-like symptoms. The dosage of Zoloft should be gradually tapered under the guidance of a healthcare provider to minimize the risk of these withdrawal effects and ensure a safe and effective transition off the medication.
  • Analyze the importance of informing healthcare providers about all medications being taken when prescribed Zoloft, and the potential for drug interactions.
    • Zoloft may interact with certain medications, including other antidepressants, blood thinners, and seizure medications. It is crucial for individuals taking Zoloft to inform their healthcare providers about all medications they are currently taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal remedies. This information allows the healthcare provider to assess the potential for drug interactions and make necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. Failing to disclose all medications can lead to adverse reactions or reduced effectiveness of Zoloft, which could compromise the individual's overall health and well-being. By proactively communicating with their healthcare provider, patients can ensure the safe and effective use of Zoloft as part of their treatment regimen.