Existential Psychology

Definition

Existential psychology is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the individual's unique experience, freedom of choice, and responsibility for one's actions. It focuses on the human condition, exploring themes of meaning, purpose, anxiety, and the inevitability of death. This perspective is particularly relevant to the humanistic approaches discussed in the 11.5 Humanistic Approaches section of the Intro to Psychology Study Guide 2024.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Existential psychology emphasizes the individual's freedom to choose and the responsibility that comes with that freedom.
2. The concept of 'being-towards-death' is central to existential psychology, which acknowledges the inevitability of death and its impact on how one lives.
3. Existential psychologists believe that individuals must confront and find meaning in the face of anxiety, loneliness, and the absurdity of existence.
4. Authenticity, or living in accordance with one's true self and values, is a key goal in existential psychology.
5. Existential psychology has influenced the development of humanistic approaches, which focus on the individual's unique experiences and potential for growth.

Review Questions

• Explain how the concept of 'being-towards-death' is central to existential psychology and how it shapes an individual's perspective on life.
  • The concept of 'being-towards-death' in existential psychology acknowledges the inevitability of death and its profound impact on how one lives. Existential psychologists believe that by confronting the reality of one's own mortality, individuals can gain a deeper appreciation for the preciousness of life and the importance of making authentic choices. This awareness of the finite nature of existence encourages individuals to take responsibility for their lives, find meaning, and live more authentically in the face of the anxiety and absurdity of the human condition.
• Describe how the emphasis on authenticity and the individual's unique experience in existential psychology relates to the humanistic approaches discussed in the Intro to Psychology Study Guide.
  • Existential psychology's focus on authenticity and the individual's unique experience aligns closely with the humanistic approaches covered in the Intro to Psychology Study Guide. Both perspectives emphasize the importance of the individual's subjective experience, personal growth, and the realization of one's full potential. Existential psychologists believe that individuals must take responsibility for their choices and live in accordance with their true selves, rather than conforming to societal or external expectations. This emphasis on self-determination and the unique human experience is a core tenet of the humanistic approaches, which seek to understand the individual holistically and promote their well-being and personal development.
• Analyze how the existential psychology concept of the 'meaning of life' influences an individual's approach to living and their overall psychological well-being.
  • The existential psychology concept of the 'meaning of life' is a central focus that profoundly shapes an individual's approach to living and their overall psychological well-being. Existential psychologists believe that individuals must confront the inherent absurdity and anxiety of existence and actively seek to find personal meaning and purpose. This pursuit of meaning can provide a sense of direction, fulfillment, and resilience in the face of the challenges and uncertainties of life. By exploring the significance and value of their own existence, individuals can develop a deeper appreciation for their lives, make more authentic choices, and strive to live in alignment with their core values. This search for meaning is closely linked to psychological well-being, as it can foster a sense of purpose, self-actualization, and a more meaningful and fulfilling life experience.

Related terms

Existentialism: A philosophical movement that emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, which emphasizes the individual's unique experience, freedom, and responsibility in shaping their own existence.

Authenticity: The concept of living in accordance with one's true self and values, rather than conforming to societal or external expectations.

Meaning of Life: The exploration of the purpose, significance, and value of human existence, which is a central focus of existential psychology.