key term - Absurdism

Definition

Absurdism is a philosophical perspective that emphasizes the inherent meaninglessness and futility of human existence. It is a response to the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and progress, challenging the idea that the world is an orderly, comprehensible place.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Absurdism rejects the idea that the world is a rational, ordered place, and instead emphasizes the inherent contradictions and irrationality of human existence.
2. Absurdist thinkers, such as Albert Camus, argue that the search for meaning in life is ultimately futile, as the world is indifferent to human desires and expectations.
3. Absurdism is a response to the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and progress, which many absurdist philosophers saw as a flawed and limited perspective on the human condition.
4. Absurdism encourages individuals to embrace the absurdity of life and to find their own meaning and purpose, rather than relying on external sources of meaning.
5. The concept of the 'absurd hero' is central to absurdist philosophy, as it represents an individual who chooses to live authentically and defiantly in the face of the absurdity of existence.

Review Questions

• Explain how absurdism challenges the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and progress.
  • Absurdism rejects the Enlightenment's belief that the world is a rational, ordered place that can be fully understood through reason and scientific inquiry. Instead, absurdist thinkers argue that the world is inherently absurd and contradictory, and that the search for meaning and purpose is ultimately futile. Absurdism challenges the Enlightenment's emphasis on progress and the idea that human knowledge and understanding can overcome the fundamental irrationality of existence.
• Describe the concept of the 'absurd hero' and how it relates to the absurdist perspective.
  • The 'absurd hero' is a central concept in absurdist philosophy, representing an individual who embraces the absurdity of life and chooses to live authentically despite the lack of inherent meaning. Absurdist thinkers, such as Albert Camus, argue that the absurd hero recognizes the futility of the search for meaning, but nevertheless chooses to live defiantly and to create their own meaning through their actions and choices. The absurd hero represents a rejection of the idea that there are universal, objective truths or values, and instead embraces the subjective, individual experience of life.
• Analyze how absurdism's emphasis on the inherent meaninglessness of human existence challenges the Enlightenment's belief in progress and the power of reason.
  • Absurdism's central tenet – that the world is inherently absurd and devoid of inherent meaning – directly challenges the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason, progress, and the power of human knowledge to overcome the limitations of the human condition. Absurdist thinkers argue that the Enlightenment's faith in reason and progress is a flawed and limited perspective, as it fails to account for the fundamental irrationality and contradictions that underlie human existence. By embracing the absurdity of life and rejecting the idea that there are universal, objective truths, absurdism encourages individuals to create their own meaning and purpose, rather than relying on external sources of meaning. This perspective represents a radical departure from the Enlightenment's belief in the power of reason and the possibility of progress, and instead emphasizes the inherent limitations and futility of the human condition.

Related terms

Existentialism:

A philosophical movement that focuses on the individual's subjective experience and the search for meaning in a seemingly meaningless world.

Nihilism:

The belief that life has no meaning or purpose, and that all values and beliefs are baseless.

Absurd Hero: A concept in absurdist philosophy that describes an individual who embraces the absurdity of life and chooses to live authentically despite the lack of inherent meaning.