College Physics I – Introduction

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Solenoid

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College Physics I – Introduction

Definition

A solenoid is a coil of wire that generates a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it. It is commonly used to create controlled magnetic fields in devices like electromagnets and inductors.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The magnetic field inside a long solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid.
  2. The strength of the magnetic field inside a solenoid is given by $B = \mu_0 n I$, where $n$ is the number of turns per unit length, $I$ is the current, and $\mu_0$ is the permeability of free space.
  3. The direction of the magnetic field inside a solenoid follows the right-hand rule: if you curl your fingers in the direction of the current, your thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field.
  4. When a ferromagnetic material, such as iron, is placed inside a solenoid, it significantly increases the strength of the magnetic field generated.
  5. Solenoids can be used in various applications such as relays, valves, and electromagnetic switches.

Review Questions

  • What formula represents the strength of the magnetic field inside a solenoid?
  • How does inserting a ferromagnetic core affect the magnetic field inside a solenoid?
  • Which rule helps determine the direction of the magnetic field in a solenoid?
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