A hydrometer is a device used to measure the specific gravity or density of a liquid. It is commonly employed in various applications, such as determining the alcohol content in beverages, monitoring the concentration of solutions, and assessing the state of charge in lead-acid batteries. The hydrometer operates on the principle of buoyancy, where the depth to which the instrument sinks in a liquid is inversely proportional to the density of the liquid. By observing the depth of submersion and the corresponding scale readings, the specific gravity or density of the liquid can be accurately determined.
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