Gamma ray

Definition

Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum. They are produced by nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, and certain astronomical phenomena.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gamma rays have wavelengths less than $10^{-10}$ meters.
2. They carry high energy and can penetrate most materials, making them useful in medical imaging and cancer treatment.
3. Gamma rays are ionizing radiation, meaning they can remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, potentially causing cellular damage.
4. They are produced in various high-energy processes such as nuclear fusion in stars and radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.
5. Gamma-ray telescopes are used to observe astronomical events like supernovae and gamma-ray bursts.

Review Questions

• What is the typical wavelength range of gamma rays?
• How do gamma rays interact with matter compared to other forms of electromagnetic radiation?
• What are some natural sources of gamma rays?

Related terms

X-rays: Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths ranging from $0.01$ to $10$ nanometers; used in medical imaging.

Ionizing Radiation: Radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

Electromagnetic Spectrum: The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, ordered by wavelength or frequency.