Gamma

Definition

Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom during gamma decay. They have no mass and no electric charge.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gamma rays have higher energy than X-rays and can penetrate most materials.
2. They are often emitted alongside alpha or beta particles during nuclear decay.
3. Gamma radiation is highly ionizing and can cause significant damage to living tissues.
4. Lead or thick concrete is commonly used as shielding against gamma radiation due to its high penetration power.
5. Gamma-ray spectroscopy is a technique used to identify the energy levels of gamma rays emitted by a substance, which helps in identifying the isotopes present.

Review Questions

Related terms

Alpha Particle: A type of ionizing radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons. It has low penetration power but high ionization capability.

Beta Particle: A fast-moving electron or positron emitted from the nucleus during beta decay. It has greater penetration power than alpha particles but less than gamma rays.

$$ \text{Half-Life} $$: $$ \text{The time required for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.} $$