College Physics I – Introduction

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Force constant

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College Physics I – Introduction

Definition

The force constant, also known as the spring constant, quantifies the stiffness of a spring in Hooke's Law. It is denoted by $k$ and measured in Newtons per meter (N/m).

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The force constant $k$ appears in Hooke's Law equation: $F = -kx$, where $F$ is the restoring force and $x$ is the displacement from equilibrium.
  2. A higher force constant indicates a stiffer spring that requires more force to compress or extend.
  3. The unit of the force constant is Newtons per meter (N/m).
  4. In a mass-spring system, the angular frequency of oscillation $\omega$ is given by $\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}$, where $m$ is the mass.
  5. The potential energy stored in a compressed or stretched spring is given by $U = \frac{1}{2}kx^2$.

Review Questions

  • What does the force constant measure in a spring?
  • How does a higher force constant affect the stiffness of a spring?
  • What is the relationship between angular frequency and the force constant in a mass-spring system?

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