College Physics I – Introduction

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Faraday’s law of induction

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College Physics I – Introduction

Definition

Faraday's Law of Induction states that a change in magnetic flux through a loop induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the wire. The induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The formula for Faraday's Law is $\mathcal{E} = - \frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$ where $\mathcal{E}$ is the induced EMF and $\Phi_B$ is the magnetic flux.
  2. Lenz’s Law helps determine the direction of the induced current, stating that it will oppose the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
  3. Magnetic flux ($\Phi_B$) is given by $\Phi_B = B \cdot A \cdot \cos(\theta)$, where $B$ is the magnetic field, $A$ is the area, and $\theta$ is the angle between them.
  4. Faraday's Law applies to both closed loops and coils, with coils having an EMF multiplied by the number of turns ($N$): $\mathcal{E} = - N \frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$.
  5. Practical applications include generators, transformers, and inductors which all operate based on principles from Faraday’s Law.

Review Questions

  • What does Faraday's Law of Induction state about changing magnetic flux?
  • How does Lenz’s Law relate to Faraday’s Law when determining the direction of induced current?
  • What factors influence magnetic flux according to its formula?
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