College Physics I – Introduction

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Critical mass

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College Physics I – Introduction

Definition

Critical mass is the minimum amount of fissile material needed to maintain a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. It is essential for the operation of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Critical mass depends on factors such as the shape, density, and purity of the fissile material.
  2. Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239 are common materials that require critical mass considerations.
  3. A supercritical mass occurs when there is more than enough material to sustain a chain reaction, leading to an exponential increase in reactions.
  4. Subcritical mass means there is insufficient material to sustain a chain reaction.
  5. Control mechanisms in nuclear reactors adjust the system to stay at or near critical mass to safely manage energy production.

Review Questions

  • What factors influence the critical mass of a fissile material?
  • Why is maintaining critical mass important in nuclear reactors?
  • How do subcritical and supercritical masses differ in terms of nuclear reactions?
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