Closed Circuit

Definition

A closed circuit is an electrical circuit in which the flow of electric current is continuous, forming a complete loop. In a closed circuit, the current has a well-defined path to flow through, allowing electrical energy to be transferred and utilized effectively.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a closed circuit, the current has a continuous path to flow through, allowing electrical energy to be transferred and utilized effectively.
2. The terminal voltage of a power source is the voltage measured across its terminals when it is connected to a load in a closed circuit.
3. Electromotive force (EMF) is the voltage or potential difference generated by a power source, which drives the flow of electric current in a closed circuit.
4. The resistance of the load in a closed circuit determines the amount of current that flows, as described by Ohm's law.
5. Closed circuits are essential for the proper functioning of electrical devices, as they allow for the controlled and efficient flow of electric current.

Review Questions

• Explain how the concept of a closed circuit relates to the terminal voltage of a power source.
  • In a closed circuit, the power source's terminal voltage is the voltage measured across its terminals when it is connected to a load. This terminal voltage is directly related to the electromotive force (EMF) generated by the power source, which drives the flow of electric current through the closed circuit. The terminal voltage is influenced by factors such as the internal resistance of the power source and the resistance of the load, as described by Ohm's law. Understanding the relationship between closed circuits and terminal voltage is crucial for analyzing the performance and efficiency of electrical systems.
• Describe how the concept of a closed circuit is connected to the idea of electromotive force (EMF).
  • The electromotive force (EMF) generated by a power source, such as a battery or generator, is the driving force behind the flow of electric current in a closed circuit. EMF represents the potential difference or voltage created by the power source, which causes electrons to move through the circuit. In a closed circuit, the EMF provided by the power source overcomes the resistance of the load, allowing the current to flow continuously and complete the loop. The relationship between closed circuits and EMF is fundamental to understanding the principles of electricity and the efficient transfer of electrical energy.
• Analyze how the resistance of the load in a closed circuit affects the flow of electric current, and explain the importance of this relationship.
  • The resistance of the load in a closed circuit is a crucial factor that determines the amount of current that flows through the circuit. According to Ohm's law, the current in a closed circuit is directly proportional to the voltage (or EMF) generated by the power source and inversely proportional to the resistance of the load. This means that as the resistance of the load increases, the current flow decreases, and vice versa. The ability to control and regulate the current flow in a closed circuit is essential for the proper functioning of electrical devices and systems, as it allows for the efficient and safe transfer of electrical energy. Understanding the relationship between closed circuits, resistance, and current flow is fundamental to analyzing and designing effective electrical circuits.

Related terms

Open Circuit:

An open circuit is an electrical circuit in which the flow of current is interrupted, preventing the completion of the loop. This results in no current flowing through the circuit.

Terminal Voltage:

The terminal voltage is the voltage measured across the terminals of a power source, such as a battery or generator, when the source is connected to a load in a closed circuit.

Electromotive Force (EMF):

Electromotive force (EMF) is the voltage or potential difference generated by a power source, such as a battery or generator, which drives the flow of electric current in a closed circuit.